Diet for pancreatitis is a key factor in successful treatment, therefore, adhering to dietary restrictions makes it possible for you to have a satisfying life and reduce the likelihood of relapse.
Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreatic tissue, which is associated with impaired secretion of digestive enzymes, severe pain, changes in bowel movements, and vomiting. This leads to a pathological metabolic disorder and can cause the development of diabetes mellitus. The main factors in the occurrence of pancreatitis are: overeating, abuse of fatty foods and alcohol.
It is necessary to follow a diet for pancreatitis for a long time. Acute inflammation requires diet restriction for 6-9 months, whereas in chronic pancreatitis, diets are adhered to for several years or for life.
Power characteristics
Approaches to prescribing a diet for pancreatitis depend on whether the inflammation is in acute or chronic form. Doctors note the positive effect of diet on pancreatitis. This allows you to quickly overcome acute inflammation, avoid complications, and extend the remission period into a chronic process.
Characteristics of the diet:
- Within 2-3 days after an acute attack of pancreatitis, you should completely refuse food. Thus, rest is provided for the pancreas. Therapeutic fasting includes the use of fluid in the form of non-carbonated alkaline mineral waters, poorly brewed tea or infusion of rose, a glass 5-6 times a day.
- On the fourth day after the start of therapeutic fasting, the gradual introduction of solid foods into the diet begins. As a rule, these are low-calorie foods without salt, which gradually increase the secretion of gastric juice.
- With pancreatitis, the way you prepare food is important. Steam cooking is recommended, as food prepared in this way retains all the necessary substances and does not damage the digestive tract.
- Food should not be cold or hot, the optimal temperature is close to body temperature. In this case, the food should be minced or semi-liquid.
- Diet for pancreatitis also limits the consumption of dietary foods. They eat small portions at least five times a day.
The diet excludes foods:
- fatty;
- fried;
- hot sauces and spices;
- sour liquids;
- canned foods, pickles;
- smoked meat;
- confectionery;
- cocoa, chocolate;
- alcohol.
The energy value of such a food should be at the level of 2500 kcal.
The disadvantage of such a diet is an acute lack of raw plant foods. Some components need to be compensated by taking complex vitamins and nutritional supplements.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
Diet in the treatment of pancreatitis is an integral part of therapy. During an exacerbation, an attack is accompanied by severe stomach pain and lack of appetite, therefore, the first days of medical fasting do not cause suffering for the patient.
Further, low calorie diet foods are gradually introduced into the diet. It can be dry unbaked bread, fruit drinks and berry jelly, viscous decoction of oats and rice, oil-free liquid mashed potatoes. At this time, it is recommended to exclude products that contribute to the formation of gas.
On day 6-7, gradually introduce protein dishes: steamed meat, mashed potatoes or vegetable pudding, steamed protein omelette.
It should be noted that diet requires long-term adherence to dietary restrictions. For 6-9 months, you should strictly follow his rules and monitor your diet every day.
The course of the disease may have certain characteristics, therefore, the gastroenterologist and nutritionist are engaged in prescribing a diet. Specialists of this profile determine what can be eaten in a pancreatitis diet for each specific patient, taking into account concomitant diseases.
Once the acute period of the disease is reduced, you can significantly diversify your menu with simple and healthy products. It should be noted that the number of meals should be at least four, while the volume of fluid drunk is about 1. 5 liters per day.
Menu example:
- Breakfast: oatmeal (rice) cooked in water; Apple; poorly boiled green tea with a spoonful of honey.
- Second breakfast: steamed chicken breast kittens; carrot puree; a decoction of rose berries.
- Lunch: vegetable juice with beef or fish; Mashed potatoes; croutons of white bread; skinless ripe apples.
- Afternoon snack: low-fat cottage cheese; green tea with a spoonful of honey.
- Darka>: steamed protein omelette from three chicken eggs; mashed potatoes from dietary vegetables; croutons of white bread.
- Before going to bed: dried milk.
With a diet, the symptoms and treatment of pancreatitis are significantly alleviated. Such nutrition saves the pancreas and gradually normalizes its work. The well-being of the patient will depend on how strictly he adheres to the diet. Any disturbance in the diet is immediately reflected in the digestive function.
Diet for chronic pancreatitis
Chronic pancreatitis most often develops against the background of an acute condition, but can also appear as a primary disease in cases where it is a complication of other diseases.
Diet and treatment for pancreatitis are two inseparable concepts. Even during forgiveness, dietary guidelines should be followed.
Diet rules for chronic pancreatitis:
- The caloric content of food during this period should be in proportion to daily physical activity.
- Great attention is paid to the protein content in food. Turkey, chicken, rabbit, beef, lean pork and fish are allowed.
- It is not allowed to include in the diet of lamb, fatty pork, goose, duck and game.
- Thermal treatment of food does not allow frying, baking, cooking. Food should be cooked in a double boiler or boiled.
- Cheese, previously banned in the aggravation phase, is now allowed in small quantities, but it is advisable to replace milk with fermented milk products.
- The diet should include plant proteins, which are represented by yesterday's cereals and bread, while it should be borne in mind that legumes should be completely excluded during a diet with pancreatitis.
- The total amount of carbohydrates should not exceed 350 g per day. They are found in pasta, cereals, honey, canned food and syrups.
An approximate diet menu for chronic pancreatitis:
- Breakfast: boiled rabbit meat; porridge rice.
- Late breakfast: low-fat cottage cheese; baked apples without honey.
- Lunch: buckwheat soup; boiled or steamed fish with vegetables; dried fruit compote.
- Afternoon snack: steamed kittens with vegetable sauce.
- Dinner: beef, sugar-free cottage cheese pudding; weak tea.
- Before going to bed: kefir.
The food is partial and in small portions. Food should be served warm at intervals of about three hours.
Salt and spices cause increased secretion of enzymes in the digestive tract, so their amount should be kept to a minimum. In addition, sour, smoked foods, baked goods and yogurt, as well as chocolate, have a similar effect. Sugary foods can cause complications such as diabetes mellitus, so their content in the diet is reduced by 90%.